晨练老太遭旅游大巴碾头身亡 民警正对事故进行调查
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 百度 俄空天军新任司令员苏洛维金1995年9月，他以优异成绩从伏龙芝军事学院毕业，远赴塔吉克斯坦继续当一名普通的摩步营营长，扎根中亚一干就是五六年。 ????? ??????? | |
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????? ??????? ?? ????? ????????????? ??????? (???: Иосиф Виссарионович Сталин, ?????????????: Iosif Vissarionovich Stalin, ??? ???????: [??os??f v??s?r???on?v??t?? ?stal??n], ???????: ????? ?????????? ?? ??????? ??????????. Ioseb Besarionis dze Jughashvili; ???????: ?? ???????? ????[?] – ? ????? ????), ???? ????? ??????? (??????: Joseph Stalin) ????? ????? ??????, ???? ??????? ????????? ?????????? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ???? ??? ??????? ?????? ?? ??? ???????? ????????? ?????? ???? ?????? ???? ????? ???????? ????????? ??????? ??????? ????? ??????? ??????? ?? ???? ???????? ????????? ????????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?? (????-????) ??? ???????? ????????? ?????????????? ??????????? (????-????) ??????? ???????? ???? ????? ????????? ???????? ????????? ??? ?????? ??? ???????? ????? ????????? ???? ?? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ???????? ??? ????????????? ?????? ????? ?????????? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ????????????? ?????????????? ???? ????? ????? ???? ?????????? ??? ???????? ?????????????? ?????????
??????? ???????? ???????? ?????????????? ???????? ???????? ????????? ?????? ????? ????????? ???????? ????????? ?????? ??????? ????????????? ??????? ???? ????????? ????? ????????? ? ??????????? ????????? ??????? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ????? ?????????? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ??? ????? ????????? ??????-????? ???? ??? ????? ?????????? ???? ????? ????-?? ???? ??????? ????? ?????? ???? ????? ???? ??????? ???? ????, ??? ??? ????????? ??????? ????? ??????? ??? ??????? ????? ??? ???, ???? ?????????? ? ???? ??????? ???? ?????? ????????? ??? ???? ???????? ???? ???????????? ????? ???????? ???? ????? ??? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????
????????? ???????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ??????????? ??? ???? ??? ????? ????????? ??????? ???????????? ?????? ????? ????????? ???????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ??????????-??????? ??????? ??? ????????? ?????? ????? ???, ?? ?? ??? ??? ???????? ????????? ????? ????? ??????? ??????? ??????
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????????? ???? ???? ????????? ????? ??????? ?? ?? ???????? [?????? ?????? 6 December] 1878 [?][?] ?? ????????? ???? ????????????? ??? ????[?] ??? ?????? ??? ??? ????? ??????????? ???? ?????????, ??? ??? ?????? ??? "????",[?] ??????? ????? ??? ?????????? ????? ??? ??? ????????? ??????? ??? ????????? ??????? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ???? ??? ??? ????????? ???? ???? ???? ???????????? ???? ????????? ??? ??????[?]
??? ???????????? ?? ???? ???? ?????????? ??? ???? ??? ??????? ???? ???? ????,[?][?] ????????? ???? ????? ??????[?] ???? ????? ???????? ?????? ? ???????? ??? ???????? ??????[?] ???????? ??? ??????? ???? ???? ????? ????? ??? ???? ???? ???? ??? ??????? ????? ?????? ?????? ???? ??????[??] ???? ????, ???? ????????? ????? ????? ??????????? ????????????? ??????? ??? ???? [??] ???????? ???? ????????? ??? ???? ??? ??? ????? ????????? ???? ???? ?????? ????? ?????[??] ???? ????? ??????????? ??????? ????????????? ???????? ????????? ???? ????? ?????? ????? ??[??] ?[??] ???? ???? ???????? ? ??????? ????? ???? ?????????,[??] ???? ??????? ???????????? ???? ???????? ?????[??]? ???? ???????? ??? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ????????,[??] ????? ????? ?????????[??] ??? ????? ?????? ??? ?????????[??] ??????? ??? ???? ?????? ????????? ??????? ???????? ?????????: ???? ???? ??????????? ???????? ??? ???? ??? ???? ????; [??] ? ?? ??? ????? ???? ???? ???? ?????????? ?????? ???? ????? ?????????? ??? ?? ?? ?????? ??? ??? ???? ????? ???????? ?????[??]
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[????????]- ↑ Kotkin 2014, ??. 742, note 25. Starting in about 1920 Stalin gave a birth date of 21 December [?????? ?????? 9] 1879 , despite being born on 18 December [?????? ?????? 6] 1878
- ↑ Service 2004, p. 14; Montefiore 2007, p. 23.
- ↑ Montefiore 2007, ??. 23?
- ↑ Service 2004, ??. 16?
- ↑ Conquest 1991, p. 5; Service 2004, p. 14; Montefiore 2007, p. 22; Kotkin 2014, p. 16.
- ↑ Service 2004, p. 16; Montefiore 2007, pp. 22, 32.
- ↑ Conquest 1991, p. 11; Service 2004, p. 19.
- ↑ Service 2004, p. 17; Montefiore 2007, p. 25; Kotkin 2014, p. 20; Khlevniuk 2015, p. 12.
- ↑ Conquest 1991, p. 10; Volkogonov 1991, p. 5; Service 2004, p. 17; Montefiore 2007, p. 29; Kotkin 2014, p. 24; Khlevniuk 2015, p. 12.
- ↑ Montefiore 2007, pp. 30–31; Kotkin 2014, p. 20.
- ↑ Conquest 1991, p. 12; Montefiore 2007, p. 31; Kotkin 2014, pp. 20–21.
- ↑ Montefiore 2007, ??. 31–32?
- ↑ Great Immortality: Studies on European Cultural Sainthood - Google Books? ? ?????? ????? ???????? ?????????????? ???????? ????? ????-??-???
{{?? ???????}}: ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) - ↑ Conquest 1991, p. 11; Service 2004, p. 20; Montefiore 2007, pp. 32–34; Kotkin 2014, p. 21.
- ↑ Service 2004, p. 20; Montefiore 2007, p. 36.
- ↑ Conquest 1991, p. 12; Service 2004, p. 30; Montefiore 2007, p. 44; Kotkin 2014, p. 26.
- ↑ Montefiore 2007, ??. 43–44?
- ↑ Montefiore 2007, ??. 44?
- ↑ Conquest 1991, p. 13; Service 2004, p. 30; Montefiore 2007, p. 43; Kotkin 2014, p. 26.
- ↑ Conquest 1991, p. 12; Volkogonov 1991, p. 5; Service 2004, p. 19; Montefiore 2007, p. 31; Kotkin 2014, p. 20.
- ↑ Conquest 1991, p. 12; Service 2004, p. 25; Montefiore 2007, pp. 35, 46; Kotkin 2014, pp. 20–21.
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- Nikolai Getman: The Gulag collection
- Library of Congress: Revelations from the Russian Archives
- Electronic archive of Stalin's letters and presentations
- Sovetika.ru — site about Soviet era
- "Another view of Stalin" by Ludo Martens, Progressive Labor Party website
- "The Stalin Era" by Anna Louise Strong, PLP website
- "Secret documents reveal Stalin was poisoned" a recent study by the Russian paper Pravda gives a detailed study of events behind Stalin's possible death by poisoningPravda
- Getty, J. Arch, Gabor T. Rittersporn, and Viktor N. Zemskov. "Victims of the Soviet Penal System in the Pre-war Years:A First Approach on the Basis of Archival Evidence" The American Historical Review 4 (October 1993)
- stalinism.org — Forum that upholds ideologies of Stalin, Mao and Kim Il Sung
- "The Revolution Betrayed" by Leon Trotsky
- Death toll during Stalin's rule: estimates
- A brief summary of the two Soviet famines
- Modern History Sourcebook: Stalin's Reply to Churchill, 1946 ????????? ?????? ?????????? ?? ?????????? ???? ??????
- Modern History Sourcebook: Nikita S. Khrushchev: The Secret Speech—On the Cult of Personality, 1956 ????????? ?????? ?????????? ? ??????? ???? ??????
- The political economy of Stalinism: evidence from the Soviet secret archives / Paul R. Gregory
- Impressions of Soviet Russia by John Dewey
- Stalin and the 'Cult of Personality'
- A "Stalinist" rebuttal of the Khrushchev's "Secret Speech" from the CPUSA, 1956
- Stalin Biography from Spartacus Educational
- A List of Key Documentary Material on Stalin
- "Stalin and the Struggle for Democratic Reform, Part One" and "Part Two" by Grover Furr.
- Stalinka: The Digital Library of Staliniana.
- "Demographic catastrophes of the 20th century", a chapter from Demographic Modernization in Russia 1900–2000, ed. A. G. Vishnevsky, 2006 (???????? ?-?????-???-?)—estimations of the human cost of the Stalin's rule.
- Annotated bibliography for Joseph Stalin from the Alsos Digital Library for Nuclear Issues
- Over 2,000 original German WWII soldier photographs from the Eastern Front
- Central Intelligence Agency, Office of Current Intelligence. Death of Stalin, 16 July 1953.
- Death of the Butcher by Hoover fellow Arnold Beichman
- A secret revealed: Stalin's police killed Americans (1997 Associated Press article)
- Stalin giving a speech with English subtitles
| ?????? ????? | ||
|---|---|---|
| ????????? Rank established |
Generalissimo of the Soviet Union 1945–1953 |
????????? Rank absolished |
| ????????? Post Created previous party leader Vladimir Lenin |
General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union 1922–1953 |
????????? Nikita Khrushchev |
| ????????? Vyacheslav Molotov |
Premier of the Soviet Union 1941–1953 |
????????? Georgy Malenkov |
????????:Leaders of CPSU ????????:RussianPMs ????????:Marshals of the Soviet Union
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