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????????????? ?? ???????????? (???????: Nederland [?ne?d?rlɑnt] ()), ???????????????? ????????, ?????-?????? ??????? ???? ???????? ??????? ???? ???? ???????? (Holland ????????) ????? ???? ???, ???? ???????? ???? ??????????????? ???? ???????? ??????????? ???? ?????????? ??????????????? ????? ??????? ????? ??? ????????????? ????? (Koninkrijk der Nederlanden ????????????? ????? ????????????????) ??? ??????
????????????? ???? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ???? ?????? ???????? ? ??????? ??????????? ??????????? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ???????; ??????? ????????? ? ???????????? ???? ? ?????? ????????? ???? ?????? ????????? ??????? ????[?] ??????????????? ??????? ????? ??? ??????????? ?????? ???????, ???, ??????? ? ?????????? ????? ???? ????[?]
"?????????????" ?????? ??????? ???? ?? "?????????"? ? ???????? ??????, ???? ?????? ????? ??% ?????? ???????????? ? ??????? ???? ???????? ????????[?] ?????? ????? ??? ??????? ???????????? ???? ???????, ?? ???? ???????? ??????????? ??????? ?????? ??? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ??% ???? ? ???? ???? ???????? ??? ??????, ?? ??????????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??? ???? ??????????????? ?????? ? ????? ?????????? ????????? ???? ???? ????? ???? ???????? ??? ???????????? ???? ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ????? ? ????????? ?????????, ?? ???? ????, ??? ? ?????? ??? ?????? ???????? ?-?????? ?????????? ??????? ???? ???????? ????????? ???????? ?????? ???? ??? ??????? ?? ? ??????? ???????????? ??????? ???????? ??? ???????
?????? ???????? ? ???? ??.? ????? ????????????? ???? ?????????????? ???? ????? ????? ?????????????? ??? ???? ???? ???? ??????????????? ???????? ????? ???? ????????, ?????? ??????? ? ?????????? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ???? ????????? ??? ???? ???? ??????? ?????? ??????????????? ??????? ???? ??????? ?????????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????????? ???????? ??????????? (????? ???????? ? ????????? ?????) ??? ????, ??? ????? ??????? ????????? ?????
????????????? ???? ?????????? ?????????? ?? ???????? ???? ??? ??????????? ??????? ????????? ???? ??? ???? ?????????????? ??????? ???????? ????????; ??? ??????? ??? ????????? ??????? ?????????????? ??????????????? ???? ????????????? ??? ????????????? ????? ??????? ??? ???? ??????????????? ??????????? ??????, ?????????? ? ???????? ????? ????????[?]
?????????????? ???? ????? ????????, ??????????? ????? ????????? ???????? ????????, ??? ??????? ?????? ????, ????? ? ???? ????? ??? ????????? ??? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ????????? ?????????? ???? ??????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ???? ????? ?????? ??????[?] ??????????? ?????? ??????? ????? ???????? ??? ??????? ???? ???????? ???????? ????? ?????????? ?????????? (??????????? ??????? ??????) ???? ???? ???? ????????? ????? ??? ?????????? ?????? ??????? ???? ???????? ???? ????? ??????? ?????? ???, ?? ?????? ??????????? ????????? ????????? [?] ???? ????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ???? ???? ???????? ????????????? ???-???? ?????????? ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ??????? ????????[?] ??????? ?????????????? ??? ????????????? ??????? ??? ??????? ???? ? ????????? ??????????? ????????[?][?] ????? ???????, ????? ??????? ??? ??????? ????? ?????? ??????????? ????? ?? ?????? ????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ??? ??????? ????? ??????? ??????? ???????????[??]
????????????? ???? ???? ???????????? ??????? ?????? ????? ???????? ?????????? ?? ??????? ???????????? ?????????????, ?????? ??????????? ?????? ??? ?????? ???????? ????????? ???????? ??? ??? ????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ????????? ???????? ???? ????????? ????? ??? ???? ??? ???? ??????? ?????? ???????? ??? ???????????? ???? ??????? ??? ???????? ?????? ??????? ????? ????????? ??????? ???????????, ??????? ? [[??????????? ??????????????]] ???????? ?????????? ??? ???? ?????? ???? ? ???? ????? ???? ????? ???? ???? ????? ?????????? ?????? ????? ??? ??? ???? ???? ??????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ??????? ????? ??????? ?????? ??? ????????? ????? ???????? ????
????????????? ???????? ???????, ???????, ????, ????, ?????? ??? ????? ??????? ??????? ??????????? ????????????????? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ? ??????????? ????????? ????????? ???? ??????? ????????? ?????? ?????????? ??????, ??????????? ??????????? ?????, ???????? ????????? ????? ?????? ??????, ??????? ??? ????? ???????? "?????????? ????? ?????????" ??????? ???????? ????????? ????????? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? [??]
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[????????]???? ??? ???? ?????????????? ?????????? ????????? ???????? ???? ??? ???? ??????? ???????? ???? ??????? ???? ???? ????????? ??????? ??????????????? ??? ????????? ??????????? ??? ?????? ????? ???? ????????????????? ??????? ???? ??????? ???????????????? ??????????? ????????, ???? ?????????? ????????? ??? ???? ????????????? ???????? ???????????????? ???????? ???????? ???? ??????????????? ???? consociational ??????? ?????? ?????? ??? ????? ??????? ??????? ? ????????? ???????? ???????????? ??????? ? ???????? ??????????? ??? ?????? ??????? ???????? ??????????? ??????? ??? ??????? ????
???? ????? ??????? ???? ????????? ????????? ?????? ?? Socialistische Partij ??????? ???????? ?? ?????? ???????? ???????
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(2023) |
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|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ??????? | ??????? | ???? | 2,680 | 2,633 | 502,051 | 191 |
| ????????????? | ????????? | ?????? | 2,413 | 1,412 | 444,701 | 315 |
| ???????????? | ???????????? | ?,??? | ?,??? | 659,551 | 198 | |
| ????????????? | ??????? | ???????? | ?,??? | 4,964 | 2,133,708 | 430 |
| ?????????? | ?????????? | 2,960 | ?,??? | 596,075 | 256 | |
| ????????? | ??????????? | 2,210 | 2,147 | 1,128,367 | 526 | |
| ????? ???????? | s-Hertogenbosch | ?????????? | ?,??? | 4,905 | 2,626,210 | 535 |
| ????? ???????? | ?????? | ?????????? | 4,092 | 2,665 | 2,952,622 | 1,108 |
| ????????? | Zwolle | ?????? | ?,??? | 3,319 | 1,184,333 | 357 |
| ?????? ???????? | ??? | ???????? | ?,??? | 2,700 | 3,804,906 | 1,409 |
| ???????? | ?????????? | 1,449 | 1,485 | 1,387,643 | 934 | |
| ????????? | ?????????? | 2,934 | 1,782 | 391,124 | 219 | |
| ??? ?????? | ??,??? | 33,671 | 17,811,291 | 529 | ||
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[????????]???? ????? ?????? ?????? ??????????????? ???????? ?,??,??,??? ??? ????????????? ??????? ???? ???? ???????? ?????? ? ???????? ?? ?? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ??????????????? ???????? ??????? ??? ?.???%?
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[????????]?????????? ?????????? ???????? , ???????????? ??? ??????-???????, ??????????????? ?????? ??????????? ?????????? ??? ?????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ?????????? ? ??????? ?? ???????? ?????? ??????? , ????? ????????? ??? ??????? ????????? ????? ??????? 2016 ????, ??????? ????? ????? ?????????????? 70 ??????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ????? ????? ????????? ??????????? ??? ????? ?????????? ??????????? 300 ???? ???? ????????? ???? ???????, ???? ?????? ???????? ???????????? ????? ????? 264 ???????????? ???? ?????? ??????? ????, ?? 2020 ???? 1.44 ??????? ?? ?????? ????????????? ??? ? ??????????????? ???????????? ????? ???? ????? ?????? ??????? ????????????, ????? ??????? ?????? ?????????? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ??????? ??????? ??? ??????? ?????? ?
??????? ????????? ??????? ?????? , ??????? ? ??????????? ???? ?????? ????? ??????? ????
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[????????]- ↑ "Netherlands boundaries in the North Sea"? Ministry of Defence? ?? ????? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ??????????? ???????? ????? ?? ????? ?????
{{????? ???????}}: ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) - ↑ Dutch Wikisource? "Grondwet voor het Koninkrijk der Nederlanden" [Constitution for the Kingdom of the Netherlands] (Dutch ??????)? Chapter 2, Article 32? ???????? ????? ? ????? ?????
... de hoofdstad Amsterdam ...
{{????? ???????}}: ??????? ???? ????????????: ???????? ???? (?????) ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) - ↑ "Netherlands Guide – Interesting facts about the Netherlands"? Eupedia? ?? ?????? ????? ???????? ????? ?? ?????? ?????
{{????? ???????}}: ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) - ↑ Permanent Mission of the Netherlands to the UN? "General Information"? ? ??????? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ??????????? ???????? ????? ?? ??? ?????
{{????? ???????}}: ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) - ↑ "Netherlands"? ?? ?? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ??????????? ???????? ????? ?? ?? ?????
{{????? ???????}}: ????? ???????????|????????-??????=??????? ??? ?????? (???????)??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????), Index of Economic Freedom. heritage.org. - ↑ Helliwell, John; Layard, Richard; Sachs, Jeffrey (?? ????? ????)? World Happiness Report 2017 (PDF)? United Nations Sustainable Development Solutions Network? ???????? ???-?-???????-?-?? ?? ????? ???? ?????? ??? ???? (PDF) ??????????? ???????? ????? ?? ??? ?????
{{?? ???????}}: ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) - ↑ The Netherlands ranks first in the world for work-life balance ????????? ?????? ?????????? ?? ??? ???? ??????, iamsterdam.com, 8 March 2018.
- ↑ "Netherlands: Agricultural exports top 80 billion Euros"? ?? ????????? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ??????????? ???????? ????? ? ?????????? ?????
{{????? ???????}}: ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) - ↑ (RVO), Netherlands Enterprise Agency? "Agriculture and food"? hollandtrade.com? ? ????????? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ??????????? ???????? ????? ?? ????? ?????
{{????? ???????}}: ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) - ↑ "Port Statistics 2013" (PDF) (Press release)? Rotterdam Port Authority? ? ??? ????? ??. ?? ? ????? ???? ?????? ??? ???? (PDF) ??????????? ???????? ????? ?? ??? ?????
{{????? ????????? ???????}}: ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) - ↑ "2016 World Press Freedom Index - RSF"? Rsf.org? ? ??????????? ????? ? ??????????? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ???????????
{{????? ???????}}: ????? ???????????|????????-??????=??????? ??? ?????? (???????)??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????)
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