“马甲滴滴”频频亮相 这些冒牌网约车司机到底从何而来？
????? (??????: Hormone, ?????: ?ρμ?) ?? ??????? ?? ????? ???-????????? ??? ?? ?????? ???? ??? ?? ??????? ???? ?????? ???? ????????? ???? ??????? ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ???????????? ??????????? ???? ???? ????? ???? ????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ?????????? ??? ??? ???????? ?? ????? ??????? ????[?] ????? ???? ???? ?? '?????? ???'?? '???????? ???'?
?????? ? ???????? ???? ??????? ???? ??????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ??? ???????? ???? ???????-????????? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ???????? ????? ?????? ??????? ??? ???? ??? ????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ???? ??????????, ????????? ??????? ???? ??????, ??????????? ?????? ???? ????????????????????, ??????? ?????? ???? ??????? ??? ????? ?????? ???? ???????
?????? ???? ????????? ? ????? ????? ??????? ??? ?????? ????????????? ?????????? ??? ?????? ??? ???? ??????, ????? ????????, ???, ????? ??????, ???????, ?????? ??????? ???? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???????[?][?] ????? ????? ????? ?????? ??????? ??? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ??? ??? ???????? ??? ????????? ?????[?]
?????? ????????? ??????????? ????? ????? ???????? ????????????? ?????? ??? ??? ????? ???? ???? ?? ????? ????????? ???????? ???? ??? ????? ???? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ??? ????? ???? ??? ??????????? ??????? ???? ????? ?????, ????? ??? ??? ????????? ??? ??? ???? ??? ??? ????? ???? ??????? ????? ????[?] ??? ???????? ????? ???? ??????? ??????? ????? ???????? ??? ??? ??????? ???????? ??????? ????? ???????? ???? ????????? ??????? ????? ??????? ???????? ??? ??? ????????????? ???? ??? ???? ????????? ????? ?????? ???? ??? ???? ????? ??? ??? ????????????????? ?? ????????? ???? ????? ???????? ????? ????? ???????? ??? ????[?]
????????? ????????? ????? ?????????? ??????? ?? ?????????? ??????? ?? ?????????? ????????? ?? ?????????? ????? ??? ?????????? ????? ?????? ??? ????? "??????????" ???? ?? ????? ?? ?????? ???? ????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ??? ?????????? ??????? ?????.?? ?????? ?? "??????????" ?? ?????????, ?? ????? ?????? ??? ???? ??????? ??????? ???? ??? ????? ?????? ?????????? ??????? ??? ??????? ???? ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ??? ???? ???????????, ???????????, ????????????? ????????
????? ????? ???????? ??? ???? ????? ???? ??? ????????? ?????? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ??????? ????[?] ????? ???? "Hormaein" ???? ????? (Hormone) ?????? ?????? "Hormaein ?? ???? ???????? ??? (to excite)?
???? ???????????? ????? ? ???????? (Bayliss and Starling 1905) --- ????????? "?????" ?????? ??????? ?????
???????? ??????? ??? ????? ???????? ????? ????????? ??????? (Chemical co- ordination) ????? ????? ??????? ???? ??????????? ???? ???????? ??????? ???????? ???? ????? ??? ??????????? ??????? ????? ??????? ????????? ??? (Chemical Messenger) ??? ???? [?]
??????? ?????????
[????????]- ????? ????? ???? ??? ???????
- ????? ???????? ????????? ??? ?? ????????? ????????? ?? ?????? ????
- ???????????? ???? ????? ???? ???????? ????
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- ????????????? ????? ????????? ??? ???????? ???????? ???? ?????
- ??? ??? ?? ??????? ???? ??????? ??? ????? ?????? ??? ?????
- ????? ????????????? ????? ????? ??????? ???? ????
- ??????? ??????????? ????? ?????? ?????? ???????????? ????
- ????? ??????? ???????-?? ???? ??? ???? ???
- ????????? ??? ???????? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ???? ??? ??????? ??????? ??? ?????? ???? ??????[?]
????? ??? ??????
[????????]??????? ????? ?????? ? ????? ?????????? ????????? ??????? ???? ????:[??]
- ???? ????? ??????????? ??? ???? ????? ???? (??????? ????)
- ??????? ??? ?????? ???
- ?? ????? ???? ??????? ???? ?????? ?? ???????? ?????
- ????????? ????? ???????? ?? ??????????? ????????? ??????? ?????????? ????????? ??????? ???
- ?????? ????? ?????? ????????? ??????? ???????? ????? ???? ??? ?????????? ??? ???? ?? ?????????? ?????? ????? ??????? ??? ??? ????? ??????? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ???? ?? ????? ????? ??? ??? ??? ???? ??????? ?????? ??? ????? ?? ???????? ?? ???????????? ??????? ????????? ????? ???? ???????
- ??????? ???? ??????? ?????? ??? ???? ????????? ???
????? ?????? ??? ??? ??????? ?? ????? ??? ?????? ?????????? ????????? ???? ???? ???????? ???????, ?????? ??? ???????? ????? ????? ??????? ??? ??? ????????????? ???????? ?? ???? ?????? ???????? ?????? ?????????? ???????? ???? ???????????? ???? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ????????? ??????????? ????????? ????? ?? ??? ????? ??? ?? ??????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ??? ??? ???? ???? ??????? ???? ???? ??????? ????????????? ?????? ???? ??? ??????? ????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??? ???????????? ?????? ?????
?????? ?????
[????????]???
[????????]???????? ????? ? ????? ???????? ??????? ???? ???? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ???????, ??????? ??? ????, ????????, ???????? ????? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ????
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[????????]?????? ????? ???????? ???? ????????? ??????? ???? ??? ????? ??????? ?????????? ???? ??? ???????? ?????? ? ????????? ?????????? ???? ?????? ????? ??????? ? ?????????,?????? ??? ??? ????????? ??????? ??????? ????
???????? ??????? ??????
[????????]????? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ????????? ????? ????????? ????? ???????? ??? ???? ???? ???? ??????? ????????? ?????? ???? ????:[??]
- ????? ??????
- ???-??????? ???? ??? ???????? ?????????? ???? ??????? ??? (???? ??? ??????????, ??????????? ????????? ????? ???? ???????)
- ??? ???? - ??????? ???????, ??????? ?????? ??????????
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- ??????, ?????/??????, ?????? ??? ???????? ??????????? ???? ????? ??????????? ???????? ???? ???
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[????????]????? ?????? ?????? ????? ??? ??? ??????? ??? ????????? ???, ???? ???? ??????????? ?????? ????[??] ?? ?????? ???? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ?? ??? ?????? ???? ?? ??? ?? ?? ??? ????????? ????????? ????? ?????? ????? ????????? ??:
| ?? | ?????? | ????? |
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[????????]- TRH- Thyrotropin Releasing Hormone
- CRH - Corticotropin Releasing Hormone
- SRH - Somatotropin Releasing Hormone
- GH-IH - Growth Hormone Releasing Hormone
- GnRH - Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone
- PRH - Prolactin Realising Hormone
- PIH - Prolactin Inhibiting Hormone
- MSH-RF - Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone-Releasing Factor
- MSH-RIF - Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone-Release Inhibiting Factor
- MSH- Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone
- TSH - Thyroid Stimulating Hormone
- ACTH - Adrenocorticotropic Hormone
- GH - Growth Hormone
- STH - Somatotropic Hormone
- GTH - Gonadotropic Hormone
- FSH - Folicol Stimulating Hormone
- LH - Leutinising Hormone
- ICSH - Interstitial Cell Stimulating Hormone
- ADH - Antidiuretic Hormone
- PTH-?????????????????? ?????
- ADH-???????????? ?????
?????????? ????????? ?????
[????????]?????????? ?????????? ?????????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ???????? ???? ??????? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ?????????? ??????? ???? ??????? ??? ??????? ???????? ???? ?????
?? ????? ?????????? ??????? ????? ????? ??????? ?????????? ???? ????? ?????? ???? ??? ???????????? ??????? (Neuro-secretory Glands) ???? ?? ?????? ????????? ?????? ?? ??????? ??????????????? ????? (Neurosecretory Hormones or NSH) ??? ????
?????????? ????????? ??????? ??????????? ????? ????????:
(?) ???????? ????? (Ecdysone Hormone): ????? ??????? ????, ????, ??????, ?????, ????????, ???? ?? ????????? ???????? ????? ???? ????? ??????? ??????? ????????? ?? ????? ???? ????? ?????? ?????????? ????
(?) ???????? ????? (Juvenile Hormone): ?? ????? ???????? ????????? ?????? ???? ????????? ??? ??????? ????????? ??????? ????
(?) ???????????????????? ????? (Chromatophorotropin Hormone): ?????? ? ???????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ?? ????? ????? ??????? ???? ???? ?? ?????? ??????? (X-organ or Sinus Gland) ???? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ???? ?????? ????? ???? ??????? ?????? ????? ?? ??????? ??????? ????? ??? (Pigment Cells) ??? ?? ???????? ??? ???????? ????? ??? ????????? ????? ??????? ????? ??? ???????? ????[??]
????????? ?????
[????????]??????? ????? ????? ??????? ??????? ?????????? ??????? ???? ?????? ???? ???? ??????? ???????? ???? ??? ????????? ???? ?? ????????? ???? ??? ??? ???? ??????? ??????? ?????????? ??????? ???? ?????? ????? ? ????? ??? ???????? ?????? ??? ???
????????? ??????? (Pituitary Gland): ?????? ?????????? ???? ???? ???? ???????? (Optic Nerve) ??????? ???? ????? ???????? ??? ??? ????? ?.? ?????? ????????? ????? ??? ??? ????? ???, ?????? ????????? ?????? ?? ???????? ?????? ????? ???????? ?????????? ???????? ???? ??????????? ??? ??? ??? ??????? ????????? ?? ?????-??????? ??? ???? ??? ??'???? ??? ??? ????:
(?) ????????? ?????????: ??? ?????? ????? ?????????? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ???? ????? ?? ???????????? ????? (Somato Trophic Hormone or S.T.H.). ???????? ??????? ????? (Thyroid Stimulating Hormone or T.S.H. ????????? ???????????? ????? (Adreno Corticotrophic Hormone or A.C.T.H) ??? ???? ???? ??? ??????? ???? ????? (Gonadotrophic Hormonesor G.T.H.) ?????? ???? ????????? ????????? ????? ??????, ???????? ?????????? ???????? ? ?????????????? ??????????? ?????????? ????
(?) ??????-?????????: ????? ???????? ????????? ??? ???? ???? ???? ?????????? (Oxytocin) ? ??????????? (Vasopressin) ????? ?????? ???? ????????? ??????-??????, ???????? ???? ??????, ??????? ????? ???????? ???? ??????
????????? ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ?????, ?????? ????????? ?????? ?????? ???? ?? ??? ???? ??????? ??? ??????? ????? ??? ??? ??????? (Dwarfism) ???? ?????? ???? ????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???? ??? ?????????? ????? ???? ????? ??? ?????????? (Gigantism) ????[??]
???????? ??????? (Thyroid gland): ?????????? ???????? ??????? ??? ??????? ?? ????????? ???????? ?????????? ????????, ?????? ? ?????? ???? ??????? ??? ??????? ????? ??? ?????????? ???? ?? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ?? ??????? ???? ????????? ???? ??????? ????????? ????????? (Thyroxin) ???? ????? ?????? ???, ?? ????? ???????? ??? ??????????? ??????????? ??? ?????
?? ????????? ???????? ?????????? ???, ????? ??? ???, ????????? ???????? ???? ???? ? ????? ????? ????? ???????? ?????? ???? ? ????? ??????? ???? ??????? ???? ?????? ???? ??? ?????????? ?? ???????????? ????? ?????? (Grave Disease) ????
????, ???????? ?????? ????? ????? ?? ???? ????? ???????????? ????? ???? ????, ???????????? ? ?????????? ????????? ???? ??, ??????? ????? ? ????? ?????????? ???? ????? ????????? ????? ??? ????? ????? ????
?????????????? ??????? (Parathyroid Glands): ??????? ?????????? ???? ???? ???? ??? ??? ????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ????? ?????? ?????????????? ???????? ???? ??? ??? ??????? ??? ?????????? ??????????? ???? ??????????? (Parathormone) ?????? ??? ?? ??????????? ? ???????? ????? ??????????? ??? ????? ??????????? ???? ????-?????? ????? ??????????
?????????????? ????? ??????? (Islets of Langerhans): ???????????? ????? ??? ??? ??? ?????? ?????????? ?????????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ??? ??????? ????? ?????? ?????????????? ????? ???????? ???????? ???????????? (Langerhans) 1869 ???? ?? ???????????? ?????? ???????? ???? ??????????? ???? ?????? ??? ??????? ??????????? ???? ??? ? ????-???? ????? ???? ??????????? ????? ??????????? ??? ?????? ??? ?????? ???? ?? ??? ????? ????-??? ???? ????????? (Glucagon) ??? ????-??? ???? ??????? (Insulin) ????? ?????? ???? ????????? ???????????????? ????? ?????????? ???? ??????? ???? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???? ??????? ???? ???????? ????????? ???? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???? ??????? ????????? ???????? ?????? ?? ??? ????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ???????? ?? ?????????? (Diabetes) ????? ?????? ????
?????????? ??????? (Adrenal Glands):
??????? ?????? ????????? ???? ??? ??? ???? ???????????? ???????? ?????????? ???????? ?? ????? ??? ?????? ???? ??????? ???? ????????? ???????? ?????? ????????? ????? ?? ??? ? ????? ??? ? ????? ????? ??????? ??????? ??? ???? ???? ????? ????? ???? ???? ????????-
(?) ???????? ?? ???????? (Cortex): ?????? ???? ??????? ?? ?????? ???? ???? ???????? (Cortisone) ???? ????? ?????? ???? ?? ????? ??????????????, ???????, ??????????? ???????? ????? ?????????? ???? ?????? ???????, ???????? ????????, ???????? ??????????? ?????, ??????????? ? ?????? ????????????? ??????????? ?? ????? ??? ??????? ?? ??????? ???????? ????????? ?????? ???? ?????-????? ???? ????
(?) ????????? ?? ?????? (Medulla): ??? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ???????????? ?? ?????????? (Adrenaline or Epinephrine) ??? ??- ???????????? ?? ??-?????????? (Nor Adrenaline or Nor Epineporine) ???? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ????? ??? ???? ?? ????????? ???, ?? ?????? ?????? ????, ??????? ????? ????? ?? ??????? ??????? ?????? ??? ????? ???? ???? ????? ??????? ?????????? ????????? ??? ????, ????? ???? ??????? ??? ?????????? ??? ?? ?????? ???? ?????????? ??????? ???? ?? ????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????? ??- ???????????? ????????? ?????????? ??? ???????? ?????? ???, ??? ???? ??????? ??? ? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??? '???????? ?????' ??? ????
???????????? ???? ???? ??????? ???????? ??? ?????
??????? ??????? (Thymus Gland): ???????? ???????? ?????? ???? ??????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ????? ???????????? ??? ???? ? ??? ?? ???? ????? ????? ????? ????????? ?????? ? ?????????? ????? ??? ?? ?????? ??????????? ????
????????? (Ovary): ??????????? ???????????? ??????? ?????? ???? ??????????? ???????? ???????? ?????? ??? ?????? ????????? ?????? ?????????? ??????? ?????? ??? ???? ???? ???? (?) ?????????, (?) ????????????, (?) ?????????, (?) ???????????? ????? ?????? ???? ??? ??? ??????????? (Secondary sexual characters) ????? ? ????????? ?????? ????? ????? ???? ???? ?????? ????
??????? ?? ??????????? (Placenta): ????? ???????? ????? ???? ?? ???????????? ?????? ???? ???????????? ??????? ? ??????? ????? ????? ???????? ??????? ??????????? ?????? ???????? ?????????? ??????? ??????? ??? ???? ???? ???? ?????????, ???????????? ????????? ? ???????????? ??????????? ????? ?????? ???? ????????? ?????? ????? ????? ???? ??? ???????
????????? (Testis): ??????? ????????? ???????? ??????? ?? '?????????' ???? ???? ????? ???? ??????????? ???????? ????? ??????? ????????? ???????? ???????? ????? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ???? ???? ????? ??????????? (Testosterone) ????? ?????? ???? ??? ??????????? ??? ?????????? ??? ??? ??????? ??? ??? ??????????? ????? ??????
?????? ???????? ????????? ?????? ???? ??????? ???? ??? ??? ????? ?????? ???? ?? ? ???? ?????? ????? ???? ??????? ??? ???????? ??? ???? ????
?????????? ????????????? ???????? ???????????
????? ???? ???????? ???? ?????????? ???????? ??? ??? ?'? ?????? ????? ????? ???? ??? ????? ??? ???? ???????? ??, ??????? ???????? ????????? ????? ?????????? ???????? ?? ??????? ????? ???? ?? ???????????? ?????? ??? ??? ????????? ???????? ?? ???????? ??????? ??????? ???? ????? ?????? ?????????? ????????????? ????? ?????? ??????? ??? ???? ????? ?????????? ???????? ???????? ???? ??? ?????????? ?????? (Endocrine System)? [??]
??? ?????
[????????]- Autocrine signaling
- ?????????
- ?????????? ??????????????
- ?????????? ????????
- ?????????? ??????????????
- Environmental hormones
- Growth factor
- ????????????
- List of investigational hormonal agents
- Metabolomics
- Neuroendocrinology
- Paracrine signaling
- ?????? ?????
- Semiochemical
- Sex-hormonal agent
- Sexual motivation and hormones
- ?????????
?????????
[????????]- ↑ Shuster M (????-??-??)? Biology for a changing world, with physiology (Second ???????)? New York, NY? ???????? ?????????????? ??????? 884499940?
{{?? ???????}}: ??????? ???? ????????????: ???????? ??????? ????????? (?????) ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) - ↑ Neave N (????)? Hormones and behaviour: a psychological approach? Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press? ???????? ???-???????????
{{?? ???????}}:|lay-url=|lay-source=??????? ??? ?????? (???????); ????? ???????????|lay-url=??????? ??? ?????? (???????)??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) - ↑ "Hormones"? MedlinePlus? U.S. National Library of Medicine?
- ↑ "Hormone - The hormones of plants"? Encyclopedia Britannica (?????? ??????)? ???????? ????? ????-??-???
{{????? ???????}}: ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) - ↑ Ruhs S, Nolze A, Hübschmann R, Grossmann C (????? ????)? "30 Years of the Mineralocorticoid Receptor: Nongenomic effects via the mineralocorticoid receptor"? The Journal of Endocrinology? ??? (1): T??? – T???? ?????:10.1530/JOE-16-0659? ???????? 28348113?
{{???????? ???????}}: ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) - ↑ Wang ZY, Seto H, Fujioka S, Yoshida S, Chory J (????? ????)? "BRI1 is a critical component of a plasma-membrane receptor for plant steroids"? Nature? ??? (6826): ???–?? ?????:10.1038/35066597? ???????? 11268216?
{{???????? ???????}}: ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) - ↑ Hirst, BH (????), "Secretin and the exposition of hormonal control", J Physiol, ???: ???, ???????? 15308687
{{citation}}: ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) - ↑ ?? ???????:???????? ???? ???????, ????: ??????????? ??????????, ???????:?????, ???????:???????? ???????? ????????, ??????, ???:??????? ????, ?????
- ↑ ?? ???????: ???????? ???? ???????, ????: ??????????? ??????????, ???????: ????? ???????:???????? ???????? ????????, ??????, ???=?????? ????, ?????
- ↑ Nussey S, Whitehead S (????)? Endocrinology: an integrated approach? Oxford: Bios Scientific Publ.? ???????? ???-?-?????-???-??
{{?? ???????}}: ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) - ↑ Lall S (????)? Clearopathy? India: Partridge Publishing India? ??. ?? ???????? ??????????????
{{?? ???????}}: ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) - ↑ Molina PE (????)? Endocrine physiology? McGraw-Hill Education? ???????? ?????????????? ??????? 1034587285?
{{?? ???????}}: ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) - ↑ ?? ???????:???????? ???? ???????, ????: ??????????? ??????????, ???????:?????, ???????:???????? ???????? ????????, ??????, ???:?????? ????, ??? ??
- ↑ ?? ???????:???????? ???? ???????, ????: ??????????? ??????????, ???????:?????, ???????:???????? ???????? ????????, ??????, ???:?????? ????, ??? ??,??
- ↑ ?? ???????:???????? ???? ???????, ????: ??????????? ??????????, ???????:?????, ???????:???????? ???????? ????????, ??????,???:?????? ????, ??? ??,??,??
?????????
[????????]- HMRbase: A database of hormones and their receptors
- ?????????????? ?????? ??????? ???????????? ??????? ???????? ??????? (MeSH) ????? (??????)
- The Hormone Foundation ????????? ?????? ?????????? ?? ?????????? ???? ??????
- Article on hormones and their receptors
- HMRbase: A database of hormones and their receptors
